Yes, first thing you thought was "There's no way".
The title is not wrong, here's my basic example.

const [showShadow, setShowShadow] = useState(false)

{JSON.stringify(showShadow)}
<button onClick={()=> { 
  console.log('PRESSED')
  setShowShadow(true)
}}>TEST</button>

I have the 'use client' directive at the top of the file.
This component is being imported in my root layout.

Pressing the TEST button outputs PRESSED like it should on console but the state will not change.

Package versions:

"next": "^13.4.7",
"react": "18.2.0",
"react-dom": "18.2.0",
"typescript": "^5.1.3"

edit: the options property from useTranslate should throw error if it's undefined, but for some reason nextjs just doesn't show the error overlay and useState breaks.

The solution was to make it nullable on the client version of the function. The problem only happens with typescript since it's the type checking that should output the error.

thx everyone